Recent data from the Office for National Statistics shows that net international migration was the key factor driving population growth in the UK. While the natural change in population, the difference between births and deaths, decreased slightly, immigration continued to push up the overall numbers.
The influx of economic migrants and those arriving via irregular crossings has been a controversial topic, with concerns about strain on public services. Record immigration in 2023 led to the largest annual population rise in 75 years, particularly in England and Wales.
Following Brexit, changes to visas resulted in a decline in EU migrants to the UK but an increase in immigration from countries like India, Nigeria, and Pakistan to fill vacancies in health and social care.
This surge in immigration led to some far-right protests and put pressure on the new Labor government. Prime Minister Keir Starmer has emphasized a pragmatic approach to illegal migration, signaling a shift from previous policies.