In the heart of southern Santa Catarina, Brazil, coal has long been intertwined with the region’s identity and economy. Cities like Criciúma, Tubarão, and Capivari de Baixo proudly showcase coal-related monuments, reflecting the industry’s deep-rooted influence that extends from children’s drawings to the local football team colors.
The Jorge Lacerda Thermoelectric Complex (CTJL) in Capivari de Baixo, established in 1965, stands as a symbol of this coal-dependent legacy. With its four thermal plants and seven generators, the complex produces 740 megawatts of power and employs 350 individuals directly. The Tereza Cristina Railway plays a vital role in transporting coal from local mines to the complex, spanning across 14 municipalities.
Despite the industry’s significant contribution to employment and the state’s GDP, a new federal law poses a threat to Santa Catarina’s coal ecosystem. Law 14.299, enacted in 2022, aims to phase out coal-fired thermal power generation by 2040 as part of the Just Energy Transition Program, emphasizing responsible and sustainable coal mining practices.
Santa Catarina’s Coal Dilemma: Balancing Tradition and Transition
The industry is now rushing to innovate with near-zero emission technologies to prevent the closure of local operations, emphasizing the economic importance of coal across 15 dependent cities. Critics, however, question the feasibility of this transition, citing successful models in other countries and concerns over government subsidies and electricity costs.
As Santa Catarina faces this pivotal point in its energy evolution, the region must delicately balance economic stability, environmental consciousness, and energy security. The upcoming years will determine the path forward for Santa Catarina’s energy transition.