German Military Drones Leased to Israel in Middle East Conflict

Drones leased by the German military could potentially be in use by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, as revealed by limited information released by the German government.

The Israeli-built Heron TP drones, capable of carrying weapons, target acquisition, and surveillance, were a part of a fleet leased by the German government in 2018 under former Chancellor Angela Merkel. German soldiers were undergoing training on these drones in Israel when the conflict in Gaza began in October 2023. The German government then handed over the drones to the IDF in a show of solidarity with Israel.

Although the details of the lease contract worth around €1 billion were not fully disclosed, it was confirmed through a freedom of information request that the contract with Israel was still active, even though Germany no longer had access to the drones.

Drone Warfare in the Middle East

The Heron drones are Medium-Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicles with the ability to carry various weapons. Reports indicate that the IDF has utilized these drones in conflicts in Gaza and southern Lebanon.

Drones play a significant role in modern warfare due to their extended airtime and precise data gathering capabilities. However, concerns have been raised about potential violations of international law, especially in densely populated areas like Gaza, where civilian casualties are a real risk.

Controversy and International Law

The lease deal made under Merkel’s administration faced opposition in the German parliament, particularly concerning the operation of armed drones. The decision to transfer the drones to Israel has come under scrutiny, with claims that these drones could be used to breach international law, as highlighted in Nicaragua’s allegations against Germany at the International Court of Justice.

The lack of transparency surrounding the drone deal and the potential for misuse in conflict zones have raised valid concerns. The ethical implications of drone warfare and the impact on civilian populations continue to be debated.

Edited by Rina Goldenberg

Stay informed with the latest German political and social news by subscribing to our weekly email newsletter, Berlin Briefing.