Iran, after accusing Iranian Kurdish opposition groups of inciting violence from Iraq, collaborated with leaders in Baghdad and Erbil to suppress them. Iranian Kurds sought refuge in Iraq following the establishment of the Islamic republic in 1979. Despite sharing a border, language, and traditions, some Kurds in Iraq joined armed groups supported by Saddam Hussein. However, after his regime fell in 2003, Iran gained new allies in Iraq, leading to increased tension with Kurdish groups.
Iran regularly accused Kurdish groups of launching attacks and inciting protests, prompting airstrikes in Kurdistan. In 2023, Iraq signed a security agreement with Iran, disarming these groups and relocating them inland. Iraqi Prime Minister declared success in neutralizing Kurdish movements. Iraqi Kurdistan has strengthened ties with Iran, with recent high-profile visits between leaders. However, this shift may signal the diminishing influence of the United States in the region, impacting the future of Iranian Kurds in Iraq.
Overall, the collaboration between Iran, Baghdad, and Erbil has significantly altered the dynamics for Iranian Kurdish groups in Iraq, marking a possible normalization of relations between Iraqi Kurdistan and Iran.
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