The recent summit in Niamey, Niger saw the military leaders of Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger sign a confederation treaty aimed at strengthening their mutual defense pact under the Alliance of Sahel States (AES). This move marks a shift away from traditional regional and Western allies for the three countries.

Following successive coups in their respective nations, General Abdourahmane Tchiani of Niger, Captain Ibrahim Traore of Burkina Faso, and Colonel Assimi Goita of Mali came together to solidify their alliance. Their withdrawal from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in January further underlines their departure from Western-led alliances.

Shifting Influence and Concerns

While the military leaders voiced concerns about foreign intervention and exploitation of their resources, the withdrawal of French and US troops from the region has raised questions about stability and security. Armed groups affiliated with al-Qaeda and ISIS continue to pose threats, with the new alliances potentially reshaping security dynamics in the region.

Challenges of Violence and Instability

The violence and instability in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger continue to displace millions and lead to loss of life. While the military leaders seek new partnerships, concerns remain about the effectiveness of these alliances in addressing the root causes of conflict and insecurity.