By Aaron Akinyemi & Danai Nesta Kupemba, BBC News
![Jihadist, migration, slavery: Key Issues in 21st Century 1 AFP Mauritanians stand in a political rally ahead of the presidential elections](https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/eeb5/live/30f03580-3571-11ef-bbe0-29f79e992ddd.jpg.webp)
AFP
Mauritania is facing a pivotal presidential election with President Ghazouani seeking a second term amidst significant challenges including a history of military coups, migration issues, jihadist threats, and the fight against slavery.
The election serves as a test of Mauritania’s democratic progress and features notable candidates like Biram ould Dah ould Abeid, a prominent anti-slavery activist.
![Jihadist, migration, slavery: Key Issues in 21st Century 2 AFP President of Mauritania looks over a crowd at a final rally](https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/cf50/live/9552c3a0-355b-11ef-997b-4db56f259e3a.jpg.webp)
AFP
The election also highlights issues of migration, corruption, and the country’s potential in renewable energy as well as its role in regional security.
Ultimately, Mauritania’s ability to maintain stability and progress depends on a peaceful transfer of power and effective governance.