In 2023, the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime (GI-TOC) reported a significant 75% decrease in irregular migrants crossing from northern Morocco to Spain via land routes to Ceuta and Melilla, with only 467 arrivals. Enhanced security measures by both Moroccan and Spanish authorities contributed to this decline, with intensified efforts in northern towns like Nador. The report highlights the relocation of migrants from coastal areas to inland cities, while noting a slight increase in arrivals to the Canary Islands.
Despite the crackdown, migrant smuggling networks have adapted by shifting departure points and methods to evade authorities. The report also mentions the varying costs of irregular migration journeys, with some migrants resorting to self-smuggling methods like jet skis and kayaks. While this trend was less prevalent last year, it remains an attractive option for some due to lower costs.
Morocco’s ongoing efforts to tackle irregular migration have shown some success, but the adaptability of smuggling networks poses ongoing challenges for authorities. The report underscores the need for continued vigilance and cooperation between Morocco and Spain to address this complex issue.